Relative clause – гишүүн өгүүлбэр

1. Adjective clauses

Adjective clauses are also called relative clauses. They come after nouns and modify them. In other words, they tell the listener or reader more about the person or thing that the noun refer to. The pronouns that often begin adjective clauses are called relative pronouns ( that, which, who, whom, whose, where)

Жишээ нь:

A person who sweeps the floor on buildings is known as janitor.
A person who sails is a sailor.
The man who sold the red house is a friend of mine.

2. Reducing Adjective clauses to adjective phrases

If the subject relative pronoun is followed by the verb be in any tense, both the relative pronoun and the verb be can be omitted.

For example:

The realtor who is selling the house is Ann. The realtor who is selling the house is Ann.
The garment that is worn by priests is usually white. The garment that is worn by priests is usually white.

3. Relative pronouns as object

The object relative pronouns for people are who, whom, that. Whom is more formal than who. The object relative pronouns for things are which, that.

For example:

The candidate who more votes gets become the president.
The first time that I voted was in 1982.
You may omit the relative pronoun in restricted adjective clauses.

For example:

The first time I voted was in 1982.

4. Restricted/Nonrestricted Relative clauses

The two main types of adjective clauses--restrictive and nonrestrictive-- have distinct meanings and uses.
A restrictive adjective clause gives information that helps to uniquely identify the noun that it describes.

For example:

My sister who attends for the meeting is very shy. (I have two sisters. One attends for the meeting, the other does not)

A Nonrestrictive adjective clause, on the other hand, adds extra information about the noun it modifies. This information is not necessary to identify the noun.

For example:

Mary, who attends for the meeting, is very shy.

Summary

Noun in main Clause	Relative Clause	Rest of main Clause
The man	who called	is an old friend of mine.
The woman	whom I met	lives near my house
The letter	that Mary received	was very important.
The book	which we discussed	was a best-seller.
The writer	whose book we discussed	will visit with us next week.